Daniel e



"UNI ED STATES PATENT owns.

or ,WASHINGTQN, nisrnior or COLUMBIA.

DANIELE. soMEs,

IMPROVED MODE or WULI'NG AND IVENTILATING SHIPS ANDNVQTHERVESSELS'."

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No, 4 8,457 dated June 2?, 1865 To all whom it may concern Be it known t Washington, in tl invented a new and v Means for Go hat I, DANIEL E. S135;

strict of Columbia, hav e aluable Improvement in tilating Ships,

cabin. In canal-coats and other vessels, when such an arrangement would not be objectionable, I place these tubes in theti-tnb'crs or planks flush with the'oiftside of theve'ssel, or on the outside of the vessel altogether.

and other Vessels Steamboats,

the following is a andlvhereby declare that full, clear, and

In canal-boats and otherv'essels forcarrying corn, graimand the like, I,makea false bottom to thesame, raised above the bottom of exact descriptionof my said im I ct of myinvention ventilate slli air-tubes pl 'nally with the sid water-tubes rum] is to cool and ps-and other vessels 'by means 0tperpendicularly and diagoes and decks, and also with ing; from the bows to the stern essels'and through th efi'ect this object I constru any proper material in a andlarrange them-inirow mostconvenienhandrun near-the bottom of the v the vessel I-arrange tli small end upward, and

ct air-tubes of hell or fnnnelshape, s or'groups, as maybe ningfrom the decks to ess'el. On one sideof ese air-tubes with the on the opposite side I the hold, and perforated with air-holes, thus securing anair-chamber between the saidperaforated false bottom and the hfottom of thehold of the vessel; ,or I may, if'dcsiralblqoonstruct a bin with perforated walls and air-chambers around the bottom and sides thereof, substantially as' described in Letters Patent ,herctofore granted to me under dateot' February 28, 1865.

I also cool the airinvessels by placingtubes 'h'orizon tallywith the vessel; extending through the bow and stern of the vessel, and running from end to end of the same, or they may open out through the sides of the vessel, through or place t-hc'large ends upw draft of air is secured-t of the vessel,,and cor stances placed in the hold cooled. Thisi ly: The air -w ends are plac reaches a poi ard, wherebyaconstant hrough the bottom part rain, or. otherisulr are vcntilatcd'and ed as follows, name he tubes whose small ed upward becomes cooled as it nt belowthe waters accomplish h'ich cnterst surface, for the near the corn, grain, or other substances de-- signed to be cooled. These pipes are open at each end, so that the water shall circulate through them as the vessel mov'es,and aid in cooling such-commodities. The ends of these water-p'ipesin the how should be smaller than in the stern, and should be graduallyenlarged,

- reason of the .wa above the water,

ter being cold the cooling-surface being inin order to give frecpassage to the water; or

y I cover the bow ends thereof with a strainer,

creasedaud enla tubes increase in vessel, and as th continues to fall I it; Now, as thesmall ends of opposite side of the vessel a ward, the coolingsurface ther theyapproach the bottom, surface increased toward th the air in the vessels beco ready outlet through .th smut-circulation :is thus a hold of the-vessel.

air-tubes whose larg much shorter than rged more and more as the size toward the bottom ofthe e ai'r'condenses bycoolness it and draws the warm air after the tubes on the re placed downeof is lessened as and the warmingeir upperends; As meswarm it finds a e latter, and a consecured through the I-isometimes makethese e ends are placed upward the others, inorder to di air. above the bottom of the a I may only allow ,them to run w y-the deck, or I may have a porholdof cabin. a few. feet bclo to prevent them from becoming choked. I consider a hell or funnel shape the best form for these water-pipes; but Ido not wish to be confined to that particular form of construction. I may pack these water-pipes with vulcanized rubber, or its equivalent, at thepoints' where theyare inserted in the ends of the vessel, to prevent leakage in rough seas bythev action of the vessel. To prevent the bad ef fects from moisture by the condensation of air on these water-pipes, I construct'second pipes or boxes, in which the water-tubes are placed, which said second tubes or boxes are perforatcdwith air-holes on the tops and sides thereofi'to allow the cooled "air to escape into the ,hold or cabin, and also with channels in their bottoms, for, carrying oftsuchcondensation to a trap or tank placed in any convenient place.- I also construct air-tubes, running 1 tiou of them 1 may be bestp .tilation throu on'g and the-rem alculated to g'iv ghthe content ainder short, as e'thorough vens of the hold or down into said water-pipes, through which the airis conducted and cooled. 'Both ends of such 2 I "as ess air-tubes may be open in the hold or cabin of the vessel, or one end may reach the air above the deck and the'other open in the holder cabin of the vessel, after pa'ssingthrough the.

water-pipe; or I may allow one end to remain within the said second tube or box above described. i

I also propose to propel vessels by means of a screw or screws inserted in one or more wa ter-pipes that extend from end to end of the I vessel, as above described, and which are triads: suificiently large for that purpose, the screws being made to revolve bystearn or other power; This mode of propulsion will be found vain-- able in canal-boats, since the water which is disturbed by the actionof the screwis confined within narrow limits and forced a considerable distance through the stern of the vessel, at or 7 near its center, in a steady colu nn. Thiswill obviate the objection to using steam-power for propelling canal-boats, as the niotionof the water will not nccessarily'wash the banks of the canal. Instead of screw I may use a piston-pump orits equivalent.

'In all the air-tubes herein described 1. [Day'- use valves; registers, or stop-cocks to direct and regulate the current of air, a'ndI may also use air-channels in conjunction with such airtubes,run'ning at right angles therewith along or near' the bottom of the hold or cabin, with suitable valves and perforations for the egress ofcooled air at such points as may be most de si'rable.

l also cool and ventilate the hold and cahl 1 ins of vessels by constructing suitable tubes or air-ducts, passing through the deck and'into the hold or cabin thereof, and placed diagonally with said deck. 'Aportion of these tubes or air-ducts lean toward the bow of the vessel and the others lean toward the stern thereofi.

As the vessel moves forward the air is forced I into the tubesthat lean forward, and finds an outlet. through the tubes that lean backward,

thus creating a current of .air inthe hold or "cabin of the vessel.

hat I claim as my lllV-GIlLlOIT, and desin e to secure by Letters Patent, isi v 1. Constructing canal boats and other t'essels with tubes or air-ducts extending below the deck and in a'diagonalj position with it.

2. Air-ducts made in a funnel-form and used c o. E. sonns;

Witnesses:

' J. 0. SMITH,

'WM. EL IOTT. 

